Starting a Mushroom Farming
If you are a farmer and want to start a new business by earning more money, growing mushrooms can be very helpful. Although you have to be very careful to get a good harvest from it, if you work hard at it, then the profit is also very high.
More recently, cultivation has begun in the provinces of Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, and Rajasthan. Not only that, but mushroom cultivation has also begun in colder regions such as Himachal Pradesh, Jammu, and Kashmir. Demand for this is very high in the regions of Asia and Africa around the world.
What Are Mushrooms (Description of Mushrooms)
Mushrooms are a type of plant but still look like flesh. Which means you can't call it a herbaceous plant. It contains a lot of protein and nutrients such as vitamin D. It is made up of molds and, in terms of its shape, is almost like honey.
Types of Mushrooms in India
According to international scientists, about 10,000 species exist on our planet. But from a business point of view, only 5 species of mushrooms exist, from which only 5 species are considered good.
Whose names are Button Mushroom, Paddy Straw, Specialty Mushroom, Medicine Mushroom, Dhingra, or Oyster Mushroom respectively? Among them, the mushroom button is the most popular variety. Also sometimes called milk mushroom.
Mushroom Seeds Price
The cost of its seeds is around Rs 75 per kg, which varies depending on the type of product and variety. That is why you should decide first, what kind of mushrooms you want to plant.
Where Can I Sell Mushrooms?
There is a need for mushrooms in many places, in hotels, pharmaceutical companies, etc. They come to the right places to sell them. Apart from this, mushrooms are widely used in Chinese cuisine.
Because of some of its beneficial properties, it is also used in the medical field. Not only that but it is also exported and imported into many countries, that is, there are many places to sell it.
Mushroom Farming Techniques
You can only grow mushrooms by doing (chemical process). For this, you should have a place where you can grow mushrooms easily. The mushroom trade has begun to take root in our country. If you want to, you can start a business by building a company.
Option 2 - If you have a farm, that means you are a farmer, then you can easily do it, just cover that land like a closed room with the help of wood. Then this business can be a new blessing for you.
The Growth of Small Mushrooms
If you want to keep it limited to making it a source of extra money, then start with a small amount. Because it will have no effect on the performance of your main business.
As mushrooms grow, it is clear that the size of your business depends directly on the country. The process of growing some mushrooms is the same, whether it is done on a small scale or on a large scale. Similarly, you can Aloe Vera Farming.
Price to be Used in the Mushroom Business (Investment or Costs Required to Grow Mushrooms)
The amount to be invested in this varies according to your ability and the level of your business. In this business, you will have to invest only in its maintenance and growing environment. Apart from this, there will be the cost of using insecticides.
If you start a small business, then you can invest 10000 rupees out of 50000 rupees. On the other hand, it would be good to invest Rs 1 lakh to Rs 10 lakh in large businesses.
The Margin of Profit for Growing Mushrooms
Speaking of business profits, there is a 12.9 percent annual increase in this business worldwide. This means that you can gain a good position in this business in a short period of time.
If you start a business on 100 sqm, then you can earn a profit of Rs 1 lakh to 5 lakh, also every year. However, it will depend on technology that increases your production capacity.
Materials or Materials Needed for Growing Mushrooms
Speaking of India, it is raised during the winter. Because the temperature must be low during planting, and with it, in order to grow mushrooms, you need wheat and paddy grass. To be safe, you must buy insecticides and their seeds as well.
Mushroom planting can also be done indoors. You just have to remember that it only grows in moisture. Apart from this, you can also buy many organic compounds, nitrogenous nutrients, through this, you get a huge increase in the efficiency of the product.
Mushroom Growing Programs
By growing mushrooms on a large scale, you should increase the number of seeds and the area larger. This means the difference is in the location, the cost, and the purchase of the equipment only. The process of growing mushrooms is the same for everyone.
The Process of Growing Mushrooms in English
Home mushroom farming
You need room to cultivate it, but if you want, you can also start planting mushrooms under it by making a wooden net. All other steps are the same for all levels of business, which are well described below.
The First Step is to Make Compost With the Help of Paddy And Wheatgrass
Fertilizer is needed for Mushrooms Farming, which you can use with wheatgrass or paddy. To do this you need to keep the grass free of germs. To remove germs and impurities.
This is done so that there is no hindrance to the growth of the mushroom plant and there is no hindrance to the growth of its plant and its structures.
You should mix 1.5 kg of formalin and 150 grams of baby stein in about 1500 liters of water. In this case, both chemicals or pesticides should be combined. After this, 1 quintal, 50 kg of wheatgrass should be mixed in this water and mixed well.
After that, it should be kept covered for a while. Because of this compost or grass will be good for growing mushrooms.
Phase II - Mushroom Cultivation
After the first step, spread the grass evenly outside the air, this is done so that its moisture can be processed up to 50 percent by touching it in the air. After this, you have to turn the grass over and over again.
Then it is ready to be sown. Take a 16th polythene bag in 18, sow the layers in layers, as the first grass makes seeds in it, and make 3-4 layers in the same way. Remember that at the bottom of the bag, make a hole in both sides, so that the remaining water drains, not only this, fasten the foil bag tightly. So that there is no air anywhere in it.
The amount of its seed or grass should be equal to each layer. Although only made at Milky Mushroom. While mixing technology is applied to Oyster mushrooms.
That is, without layers, seeds and mushroom grasses are mixed. After the sowing process is complete, small holes are made in the package. So that the mushroom plants come out.
Safety Measures for Growing Mushrooms
For about 15 days, the plant should be protected from the wind, which should completely cover the room. After 15 days leave the room open or arrange for a follower. You can even see a mushroom crop in white.
How to Retain Moisture in Mushroom Cultivation
To control the humidity, you should spray water on the walls sometimes, remember that the humidity should be about 70 degrees, after which it is very important to pay attention to room temperature. Temperatures of 20 to 30 degrees Celsius are ideal for a good mushroom crop.
Ways to Store Mushroom Bags
To plant mushrooms in your room, you should keep a bag containing mushrooms in a different way.
Whether you hang it by tying it with the help of a piece of wood and ropes or in some other way, fix a bed-like network with wood or any other metal from which the mushroom packets can be easily placed.
When and How You Harvest
According to experts, the crop is ready to be harvested within 30 to 40 days. Then you begin to see its fruit, which you can easily break by hand.
Punjab farmer succeed in Mushroom Farming
Inspired by the Doordarshan program, Sanjeev Singh started growing mushrooms in 1992 and today grows hundreds of tons of mushrooms, earning himself the title of 'Mushroomroom of Punjab'.
Television, if used properly, can also change your life. Such beneficial use has also been made by Sanjeev Singh of Punjab. Sanjeev Singh, a local resident of Tanda, has been growing mushrooms since 1992 and locals call him the 'Mushroom King'.
At the age of 25, he started growing mushrooms and cultivating them more widely and is now known for his work throughout the country. According to Sanjeev Singh, he was inspired to plant mushrooms in the 'Mera Pind Mera Gaon' program on Doordarshan station.
He was in college when he learned about mushroom farming by watching the program. He has decided that he will make an effort to grow it. With this, he researched mushrooms throughout the year and learned how to grow them. Also, be aware of potential markets.
“I joined Punjab Agricultural University, a one-year course in mushroom farming. I learned that it is also possible to grow mushrooms by hanging sacks inside the room. This plant needs no soil but a living, easy-to-find compost.
Sanjeev, 54, says that in those days, no one around him grew mushrooms. So, he decided to try and learn on his own. There was not even much awareness among the people about mushrooms. Locally, even mushroom seeds were not available. For this, he also had to go to Delhi.
Scientific work:
Sanjeev started planting mushrooms according to the season. This has enabled them to earn more money as well as more traditional farming. He struggled for eight years to plant high-quality mushrooms and to establish a stable market.
“In 2001,” he says, “I began building a room and made six metal racks, one on top of the other. After filling the bags with compost, they were placed on top of them. There was a controlled environment here. Nitrogen and urea were mixed in equal quantities in organic manure packed in sacks.
To reduce the cost of buying compost, he set up a 'Compost Unit'. In 2008, he re-established a mushroom seed laboratory and began selling it. Over the years, his work has spread over 1,500 square feet [1,500 sq m], covering nearly two acres [2 ha] of land.
Find Out More in Less Space
Sanjeev's hard work day and night has finally paid off. Now his mushroom production has reached seven quintals a day.
Now their seeds and other products reach Jammu, Jalandhar, Haryana, Himachal, and other provinces as well. Currently, Sanjeev's annual salary is close to Rs 1.25 crore. He says the reason for their success is the lucrative mushroom market.
He also added that for mushrooms, the chances of finding a market are high. However, due to limited farming space, the pressure also increases. In such a case, by growing mushrooms with ‘direct cultivation’, space can be saved.
He earns one crore rupees by doing direct farming on his two acres of land. However, if they want to make that much money from conventional farming, they will need at least 200 hectares of land.
He says in 2015, he was honored by the national government for his sustainable farming practices. The locals now call him the 'Mushroom King of Punjab'.
Sanjeev says mushrooms can be grown at any time of the year. With such crops, dependence on the soil can be reduced, and farmers can also earn good money.
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